Good Sagat players are tough. The fireball problem just sounds like you need more experience with. There’s still that little bit of information on the last page from when you asked. It’s not much but you really don’t have a single option that works. If the Sagat player is going for the throw every time, then you can headbutt to become throw invincible and beat him although most Sagat players purposely whiff the Tiger Knee to throw. It’s hard to get used to and you just have to play the match up a lot or be looking for the tiger knee. It feels like a situation where you have to anticipate it rather than react to it. Just remember the match becomes much scarier for Sagat once you get super. When you get super, basically you can get in for free, regardless of whether or not it hits. Let’s say that you can get in once without super, then super doubles the time you stay in his face.
Once you get in, you want to see if he’s trigger happy with his tiger uppercut or not. This determines whether or not you can do low jab x2 low strong xx whatever. Unfortunately, if you get hit by it, then you have to start over again so it’s more of whether or not you know the player. Of course, you can do what I do and assume that all players are able to do things that a prohibitively hard when it comes tournament time. Something I like to do against Sagat after a throw is hold up forward during the throw so you get a safe jump opportunity. Then if you hit with j. short, you can do low jab x2 or 3, st. jab xx jab rush. You have plenty of time to switch it up if you see he’s blocking.
For the dictator trouble, if you know a throw is coming and that player is unlikely to mix it up at all, then you can jab headbutt it and tech it if the throw gets through anyway. You could also hit him out of the scissors with st. jab. I’ve had some success with st. strong but I would ask other players to confirm it. The most important part of the match up is not getting knocked down and being the aggressor. Playing defensively puts you into this weird position where low strong won’t hit but dictator can seemingly do everything to you. The more time you spend on the offense, the less time you have to think about defense, especially when it comes to dictator. Unless you play him yourself, you’re not going know all his gimmicks so the match is tough once he gets rolling.
Fei has the worst throw range in the game so I think he has to walk forward to throw you after the chicken wing. If you see it coming, you can throw him before he gets to you or at least st. strong. But yeah, heatbutt if you have charge. You can throw out a st. fierce and trade with chicken wing if you know he’ll whiff if it doesn’t work, you push him away at the very least. You can also do the safe jump throw bit on Fei since his hit box is so fat.
For Blanka, I think it’s jumping short you’re talking about. Balrog has trouble especially if Blanka is safe jumping the short and it’s just so fast. You can’t throw him back because his range is so good and you’d have to rely on the other player fucking up. This is again one of those “don’t get into the situation in the first place” type of things. I’d say Balrog has the advantage at every other range other than the jumping short cross up range. Low jab rush on block will keep him away from that sweet spot regardless of distance. If you know you’re going to get crossed up, you can fierce headbutt to create a little distance and get ready to anti air in case he tries to jump in again. On paper, the match should be easy but it’s hard to account for Blanka’s feints.
I’m sure other people could give very specific pieces of advice. My lack of experience is getting to me.
EDIT: 1hitparry spitting out wisdom and saying everything I wanted to say in way fewer words.