Well you can always just block/backdash ofc. But the thing you aren’t realizing is you are Zangief and they aren’t, your options hurt more and you take less damage so rolling dice is effective a lot of the time. Really you just have to make a read, or go for something like meaty jab, where only their riskiest option can hurt you. Try to think about your options in levels (especially if you are playing online) Example:
1st SPD I am going to block/backdash to see what he’s going to do. As you get better or get more info on your opponent, you can change it up.
2nd SPD I am going to make a read based on the previous occurrence and/or what resources my opponent has (I. E. FADC, He has no health, I have no Health, etc.)
You just have to think about all of the options and ask yourself, why would he do X over Y and how can I punish him for having a predictable thought process.
If by successful you mean you hit them, then just complete into a combo. Most basic bnb for Zangief is cr lp, cr lp, link cr. lk xx EXGH. If you mean you successfully safejumped them and they blocked it then you can pressure your opponent with either a tick throw or a string to punish it OR you can bait them.
Example:
They block splash into 2 crouching jabs. My options:
Tick into SPD. People who just continue blocking will get grabbed, this also beats some reversals. Obviously if they jump out, you will whiff SPD.
Finish my string with something to punish people who jump away from me. Because you cannot hold downback and up at the same time, you can finish a string with cr. lk into EXGH. Cr lk will keep them grounded and you will combo into EXGH. Strictly doing jab jab short xx EXGH is risky however, because they will block the EXGH if they were blocking the whole time. Your best bet is to do cr. jab cr. jab cr. short (confirm the hit) link st./cr.short xx EXGH.
Just do cr. jab cr. jab to block if you think they are mashing dp or something