Common OS types in SF4:
Safejump - You will block their reversal after your jumpin if they do do reversal, but if they do not you will be able to pressure on block or combo on hit. Blanka example: f.throw, dash, hop, nj.hk
Chain OS - chainable normal, canceled into another chainable normal+an anti backdash/reversal move where the whiff of the first chainable move will cause the chain to break resulting in the higher priority normal coming out, balrog cr.lp x cr.lp+cr.hk. This has no application for Blanka because he’s crappy and doesn’t have chains. Variant on whiff os but using the chaining system.
Whiff OS - move whiffs, other crap comes out. Most commonly used in safejump situations to let you chase backdashes in addition to blocking reversals, but can also be applied on the ground. A kind of cool whiff os with Blanka is cr.lk xx electricity then mashing on sweep. If the cr.lk is backdashed you’ll end of sweeping them. Not universal but still solid especially agianst characters with poor backdashes.
Priority OS - due to the hierarchy of inputs you can force the game to do multiple things at once depending on opponent actions. Throw tech+focus backdash os is a great example of this. If thrown you’ll tech, but if nothing happens/they hit buttons you’ll simply focus backdash.
Cr.tech OS - because you can tech throws while crouching, but can’t throw while crouching this allows you to add a throw tech option to a crouching normal. Cr.teching kind of sucks with Blanka, but it can be useful in some situations.
Far vs. Close OS - Don’t see mentioned much but I’m a huge fan of this vs. Rose especially. Dominant option being close, and if your opponent moves backwards(normally through backdash you get the far version of the button you hit). Vs. Rose as Blanka you can do J.hk safejump, delayed st.mp. Now if Rose backdashes you will get far mp to hit her backdash, if the j.hk hits your st.mp will combo, if the j.hk was blocked you get a ch setup, and if she does reversal ex spiral you will counterhit her out of it allowing you a combo.
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Discuss OS’s and stuff
I will edit the OP later with my stuff at a later time. I need to sleep then celebrate being old.